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Living in Puerto Rico, I was aware that the Spanish-American War had played a large part in the history of Puerto Rico.

In 1898, Puerto Rico was a colony of Spain and poised to receive independence from Spain in the latter part of 1898.

Unfortunately, the incident with the USS Maine in Havana changed those plans.

Puerto Rico was invaded by the American Army during the final weeks of the short war and ceded to America as part of the treaty with Spain, along with Cuba, Guam and the Philippines.

In my research, I discovered that some of the military actions had taken place very near to where I live. I was keen to discover if I could locate any relics from the war. As I dug deeper into the research, it became clear that there was a lot more to it than I had originally thought. I decided I would commit some time and energy into learning more.

I discovered a book written in Spanish by a Puertorican Artillery Officer named Angel Rivero. He had served as a battery commander in one of the Spanish forts in San Juan and had intimate knowledge of everything that had happened during the war.

After the United States took over the island, Rivero went into the private sector and did quite well for himself, inventing a soda beverage called Kola-Champagne that is sold here and to this day and remains very popular.

About 15 years after the war, he began to compose a chronicle dealing with the Spanish-American war and published it about 1921. He was given full access to the Spanish Archives in Madrid and interviewed many participants, both from Spain and America. His account is one of the most detailed that I have read and offers many personal stories from the veterans of that war.

While my initial goal was to learn more about the war in Puerto Rico, I went beyond the island and studied the conflicts in Cuba and the Philippines, as well.

I was inspired by other TreasureQuest bloggers to write a series of articles and post them in the TQ blog section. What good is all this knowledge if it cannot be shared? Greg was kind enough to let me post it and what you see below is the result of my research.

It is not in chronological order. The closest thing to an order would be to work your way backwards through the categorie listings. They are more or less in the right order but, again, my feeble knowledge of posting made them come out in reverse!

I did find that there are a number of versions of the "truth" out there with some accounts completely opposed to others. What I concluded was that the truth lay somewhere in between and this is the view that I have attempted to reveal.

At this point in time I do not anticipate adding any more articles to the blog. I will be occasionally enhancing them with more information as I continue to learn more.

I simply hope that they will serve to enhance the knowledge of this short but significant war where America lost more soldiers to disease than to combat. It was the first time (I believe) America had taken land by conquest and it marked the emergence of America as a global power.
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The thrust to the West and the first engagement

Posted 10-06-2007 at 05:18 PM by Steve in PR
Updated 01-21-2008 at 10:31 PM by Steve in PR
August 6th – General Schwan, having been on the island since July 31st, receives orders from Brigadier General Gilmore to take part of the brigade and prepare to take control of the Western end of the island. The mission was to take the towns of Sabana Grande, San German, Hormigueros, Mayaguez, Lares and Arecibo. In Arecibo, they would link up with units that came North through the mountains.



General...
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The Naval Disaster at Santiago Cuba

Posted 03-28-2007 at 06:40 PM by Steve in PR
Updated 01-21-2008 at 11:03 PM by Steve in PR
There has been a lot written about the Battle of Santiago Cuba on July 3rd, 1898. It was the 2nd heroic victory for the United States, the first was in Manila Bay in May when Admiral Dewey was heard to say “You may fire when ready, Gridley!"

The outcome shouted out to the world that not only was America a world power; America was now a world-class military power.

So what happened there that brought the Spanish navy to its knees and made the world take notice of the...
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A Few Celebrities of the Times.

Posted 03-10-2007 at 01:22 PM by Steve in PR
Updated 09-19-2007 at 08:11 PM by Steve in PR
Some of the better and lesser known Americans who participated or wanted to participate in the Spanish-American War:

Stephen Crane – Had already published his most famous book, The Red Badge of Courage (1895) when he went to Cuba on the cargo ship Commodore carrying arms to Cuban Rebels. The ship sank on a reef and he spent 30 hours in a 10-foot boat. The event damaged his health permanently. He then went to Cuba in 1898 as War Correspondent for the New York World. There, he accompanied...
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The First Attempt Against the Spanish Fleet

Posted 02-22-2007 at 08:10 PM by Steve in PR
Updated 01-22-2008 at 07:40 PM by Steve in PR
A Daring Plan

Cervera’s squadron holed up in Santiago harbor where he was protected by the large guns of the fort at the harbor’s mouth.



Spanish Admiral Cervera

The harbor entrance was a bit tricky to enter or leave. In some places, it is only 100 yards wide, making a pilot necessary to traverse the entrance either in daylight or at night.

On the 22nd of...
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The Spanish Fleet goes to Cuba

Posted 02-16-2007 at 11:37 PM by Steve in PR
Updated 01-22-2008 at 07:55 PM by Steve in PR
A Little Background

Prior to the war, the Spanish government had been cutting back on military spending. Their naval fleet was not very large nor did it have many modern vessels. The one advantage in numbers that they did have was in transport and cargo vessels.

They had recently purchased 4 warships from Britain that were modern and fast. The rest of their war fleet, while formidable, were older vessels that were both under gunned and corroding from the effects of the...
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